Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u67d0\u79cd\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\uff08\u5982\u836f\u7269\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u63aa\u65bd\u7b49\uff09\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728RCT\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u522b\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\uff08\u63a5\u53d7\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\uff09\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff08\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u6216\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\uff09\u3002\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6d88\u9664\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u4ec5\u7531\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u5f15\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n
RCT\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. \u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\uff1a\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u88ab\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5747\u8861\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1aRCT\u8981\u6c42\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u7684\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u672a\u63a5\u53d7\u5e72\u9884\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u901a\u5e38\u63a5\u6536\u5b89\u6170\u5242\u3001\u5e38\u89c4\u6cbb\u7597\u6216\u65e0\u5e72\u9884\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\uff1aRCT\u8bc4\u4f30\u7279\u5b9a\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u836f\u7269\u7684\u7597\u6548\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u7ed3\u679c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1aRCT\u6d4b\u91cf\u548c\u6bd4\u8f83\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e34\u5e8a\u6307\u6807\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6807\u5fd7\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u6d4b\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
RCT\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8f83\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\uff0cRCT\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u5e72\u6270\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cRCT\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u3001\u4f26\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728R\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528RCT\uff08\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff09\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n
1. \u51c6\u5907\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u5c06\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u5165\u5230R\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6846\uff08data frame\uff09\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u522b\uff08Treatment Group\uff09\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Outcome Variable\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u53d8\u91cf\uff08Potential Confounding Variables\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u8bbe\u8ba1\u968f\u673a\u5bf9\u7167\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff1aRCT\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5230\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528R\u4e2d\u7684\u968f\u673a\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982`sample()`\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u63cf\u8ff0\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bf9\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u7684\u57fa\u7ebf\u7279\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u968f\u673a\u5206\u914d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528R\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u63cf\u8ff0\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982`summary()`\u3001`mean()`\u3001`sd()`\u7b49\uff09\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u8fdb\u884cRCT\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5206\u6790RCT\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
– t\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528t\u68c0\u9a8c\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u7ec4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`t.test()`\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884ct\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n
– \u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\uff08ANOVA\uff09\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u5404\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u7684\u5747\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`aov()`\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
– \u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u4e8c\u5143\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6210\u529f\/\u5931\u8d25\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`glm()`\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u62df\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
– \u751f\u5b58\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982Kaplan-Meier\u66f2\u7ebf\u3001Cox\u6bd4\u4f8b\u98ce\u9669\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`survival`\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884c\u751f\u5b58\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u89e3\u91ca\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u89e3\u91ca\u7edf\u8ba1\u663e\u8457\u6027\u3001\u6548\u5e94\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9RCT\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5566\uff0cRCT\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e72\u9884\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u6548\u679c\u548c\u786e\u5b9a\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u5230\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u5462\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e86\u89e3R\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u5c0f\u679c\u54e6\uff5e\uff5e\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b98\u7f51\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u54e6\uff5e http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24304"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24304"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24307,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24304\/revisions\/24307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}