{"id":24840,"date":"2024-01-17T10:34:04","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T02:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=24840"},"modified":"2024-01-17T10:34:05","modified_gmt":"2024-01-17T02:34:05","slug":"%e6%89%8b%e6%8a%8a%e6%89%8b%e6%95%99%e4%bd%a0%e5%9f%ba%e5%9b%a0%e8%bf%9b%e5%8c%96%e6%a0%91%e7%9a%84%e6%9e%84%e5%bb%ba%ef%bc%88%e4%ba%8c%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=24840","title":{"rendered":"\u624b\u628a\u624b\u6559\u4f60\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u7684\u6784\u5efa\uff08\u4e8c\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h1>\n

<\/a> \u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0f\u679c\u5c06\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528Mega\u8f6f\u4ef6\u505a\u591a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6bd4\u5bf9\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5148\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0b\u3002MEGA\uff08Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis\uff09\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u63a8\u65ad\u751f\u7269\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u5982DNA\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u5e8f\u5217\uff09\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u751f\u7269\u79cd\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u5386\u7a0b\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6bd4\u5bf9\u548c\u5efa\u6811\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u591a\u5e8f\u5217\u6bd4\u5bf9<\/h2>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728mega\u7684\u9996\u9875\u9009\u62e9”ALIGN”\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb “Edit\/Build Alignment” \uff0c\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6846\uff0c\u9009\u62e9”Create a new alignment”\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u5bf9\u7684\u5e8f\u5217 (\u6c28\u57fa\u9178\u5e8f\u5217\u6216\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u5e8f\u5217<\/strong>)\uff0c\u9009\u62e9”DNA”\u6216”Protein”\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e3aSynaptophysin\u86cb\u767d\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9Protein\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/a> <\/p>\n

\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u70b9\u51fb”Edit”\uff0c\u9009\u62e9”Insert Sequence From File”\u5bfc\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6bd4\u5bf9\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5e8f\u5217\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a.fasta<\/strong>\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/a> <\/p>\n

\u6253\u5f00\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e2d\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684sequence.fasta\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165\u5230mega\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/a> <\/p>\n

\u63a5\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u5e8f\u5217\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9ClustalW\uff0c\u8c03\u6574\u53c2\u6570(\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570)\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u591a\u5e8f\u5217\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/a> <\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u770b\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u8fd9\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5220\u6389\u4e24\u7aef\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u57fa\u56e0\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e24\u7aef\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u592a\u5dee\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u5c31\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c31\u662f\u770b\u770b\u5e8f\u5217\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\u60c5\u51b5\u662f\u5426\u5dee\u5f02\u6027\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5220\u9664\u3002\u5148\u9009\u4e2d\u6b64\u6bb5\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u9f20\u6807\u53f3\u952e\uff0c\u9009\u62e9”Delete”\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/a> <\/p>\n

\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u70b9\u51fb”Data”\uff0c\u9009\u62e9”Phylogenetic Analysis”\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u80b2\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/a> <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u7684\u6784\u5efa<\/h2>\n

\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3b\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb”PHYLOGENY”\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u80b2\u6811\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u6cd5 (Maximum Likelihood)\u3001\u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5 (Neighbor-Joining) \u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u8fdb\u5316\u6cd5 (Minimum Evolution)\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u6cd5\uff08Maximum Likelihood\uff09\uff1a \u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u6cd5\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6982\u7387\u7edf\u8ba1\u539f\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u5316\u4f3c\u7136\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6811\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u627e\u5230\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u3002\u6700\u5927\u4f3c\u7136\u6cd5\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6982\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u6700\u4f73\u62df\u5408\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. \u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5\uff08Neighbor-Joining\uff09\uff1a \u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u3002\u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5\u9996\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u5c06\u5e8f\u5217\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5bf9\u5730\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u4e00\u68f5\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u3002\u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5feb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \n
      1. \u6700\u5c0f\u8fdb\u5316\u6cd5\uff08Minimum Evolution\uff09\uff1a \u6700\u5c0f\u8fdb\u5316\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6811\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bfb\u627e\u4e00\u68f5\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\uff0c\u4f7f\u6240\u6709\u5e8f\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\u603b\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u3002\u6700\u5c0f\u8fdb\u5316\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u6811\u7684\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5206\u652f\u957f\u5ea6\u6765\u6c42\u89e3\u6700\u5c0f\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u77ed\u5c0f\u4e14\u8fdb\u5316\u5173\u7cfb\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6548\u679c\u8f83\u597d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u5f97\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u91c7\u7528\u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u9009\u7528Bootstrap method\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u90bb\u63a5\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u4e0eBootstrap\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bc4\u4f30\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002Bootstrap\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u91c7\u6837\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

        <\/a> <\/p>\n

        \u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

        <\/a> <\/p>\n

        \u76f8\u4fe1\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u4e86\u5927\u6982\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u5427\uff01\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u64cd\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u8fdb\u884c\u6784\u5efa\uff01\u5982\u679c\u5927\u5bb6\u8fd8\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u751f\u4fe1\u5de5\u5177\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u70b9\u51fbhttp:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html<\/a>\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u54e6\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0f\u679c\u5c06\u5e26\u5927\u5bb6\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u4f7f\u7528Mega\u8f6f\u4ef6\u505a\u591a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6bd4\u5bf9\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u56e0\u8fdb\u5316\u6811\u3002 \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5148\u548c\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e0b\u3002ME […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24840"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24840"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24851,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24840\/revisions\/24851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}