{"id":28654,"date":"2024-02-18T15:40:07","date_gmt":"2024-02-18T07:40:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=28654"},"modified":"2024-02-18T15:40:08","modified_gmt":"2024-02-18T07:40:08","slug":"%e5%b0%8f%e6%9e%9c%e5%b8%a6%e4%bd%a0%e4%b8%89%e5%88%86%e9%92%9f%e5%ad%a6%e4%bc%9alinux%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=28654","title":{"rendered":"\u5c0f\u679c\u5e26\u4f60\u4e09\u5206\u949f\u5b66\u4f1aLinux\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux\u547d\u4ee4\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5c0f\u679c\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u57fa\u672c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5728\u751f\u4fe1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8d76\u5feb\u8ddf\u5c0f\u679c\u4e00\u5757\u987a\u4e00\u904d\u5427\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n

1 \u6e05\u5c4f\uff1aclear<\/p>\n

2 \u67e5\u770bIP\uff1aip addr<\/p>\n

3 \u67e5\u770b\u65f6\u95f4\uff1adate<\/p>\n

4 \u590d\u5236\uff1acp<\/p>\n

cp \u6587\u4ef6 \u65b0\u76ee\u5f55 or cp -r \u76ee\u5f55 \u65b0\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

5 \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\uff1apwd<\/p>\n

6 \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff1als<\/p>\n

ls -l \uff08\u8be6\u7ec6\u663e\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\uff1bls -lt \uff08\u6309\u7167\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u5c55\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\uff1bls -ln (\u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u987a\u5e8f\u5c55\u793a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff09<\/p>\n

7 \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n

*\uff08\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff1b \uff1f\uff08\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff09<\/p>\n

8 \u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\uff1aCtrl+Insert\uff1bShift+Insert<\/p>\n

9 \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\uff1amkdir<\/p>\n

10 \u5220\u9664\uff1arm<\/p>\n

rm \u6587\u4ef6\uff1brm -rf \u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

11 \u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55+\u6539\u540d\uff1amv<\/p>\n

12 \u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u7f29\uff0c\u4e00\u822cgz\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u538b\u7f29\uff1agzip \u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u89e3\u538b\u7f29\uff1agunzip \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

13 \u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u884c\u6570\u3001\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff1awc<\/p>\n

14 \u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff1avi<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u5199o\uff1a\u5728\u5149\u6807\u4e0b\u9762\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n

\u5927\u5199O\uff1a\u5728\u5149\u6807\u4e0a\u9762\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n

Ctrl+u\uff1a\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u9875<\/p>\n

Ctrl+d\uff1a\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u9875<\/p>\n

\u6570\u5b570\uff1a\u8df3\u5230\u884c\u9996<\/p>\n

$:\u8df3\u5230\u884c\u5c3e<\/p>\n

D\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53ca\u540e\u8fb9\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff08\u672c\u884c\uff09<\/p>\n

dd\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u5149\u6807\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

15 \u663e\u793a\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff1acat<\/p>\n

cat file.txt\uff1a\u8f93\u51fafile\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

cat -n file.txt\uff1a\u8f93\u51fafile\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u6807\u6ce8\u5185\u5bb9\u6240\u5728\u7684\u884c\u6570<\/p>\n

cat file1.txt file2.txt > files.txt\uff1a\u5c06file1\u4e0efile2\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5408\u5e76\uff08file1\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5230files.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

16 \u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5de5\u5177\uff1agrep<\/p>\n

grep [options] [pattern] file<\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4 \u53c2\u6570 \u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f \u6587\u4ef6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n

-i : \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff1b<\/p>\n

-o : \u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b<\/p>\n

-v : \u663e\u793a\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08\u53cd\u8f6c\uff09\uff1b<\/p>\n

-E : \u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1b<\/p>\n

-l \u5217\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u9879\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n

-L \u5217\u51fa\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u9879\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n

-n \u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u884c\u4e0e\u884c\u53f7<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u4e0e\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8054\u7528\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n

^ \u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\uff0c\u5982 \u201c^yu\u201d \u5373\u5339\u914d\u4ee5yu\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5355\u8bcd<\/p>\n

$ \u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u5f0f\u6700\u53f3\u4fa7\uff0c\u5982 \u201cyu$\u201d \u5373\u5339\u914d\u4ee5yu\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5355\u8bcd<\/p>\n

^$ \u7ec4\u5408\u7b26\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u884c<\/p>\n

. \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e14\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5339\u914d\u7a7a\u884c<\/p>\n

| \u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n

* \u91cd\u5339\u914d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u8fde\u7eed\u51fa\u73b00\u6b21\u62161\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e0a<\/p>\n

.* \u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n

^.* \u7ec4\u5408\u7b26\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

.*$ \u7ec4\u5408\u7b26\uff0c\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

[abc] \u5339\u914d [] \u5185\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0ca\u6216b\u6216c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 [ac]<\/p>\n

[^abc] \u5339\u914d\u9664\u4e86 ^\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0ca\u6216b\u6216c\uff0c[]\u5185 ^ \u8868\u793a\u53d6\u53cd\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1agrep -i “^h” names.txt<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51faname.s.txt\u4e2d\u4ee5h\/H\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u884c<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1agrep -n “bin\/bash$” pwd.txt<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fapwd.txt\u4e2d\u4ee5 bin\/bash\u4e3a\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u884c<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1agrep “^#” names.txt -v | grep “^$” -v<\/p>\n

\u627e\u5230names.txt\u4e2d \u4ee5#\u5f00\u5934\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7a7a\u884c<\/p>\n

17 cut\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

-b \u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u884c\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u76f4\u63a5\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

-c \u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u884c\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n

-d \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u5272\u7b26\uff0c \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201cTAB\u201d\u5236\u8868\u7b26<\/p>\n

-f \u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

-n \u4e0e\u201c-b\u201d\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u5206\u5272\u591a\u5b57\u8282\u5b57\u7b26<\/p>\n

\u2013complement \u8865\u8db3\u88ab\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n

\u2013out\u2013delimiter=<\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u5272\u7b26> \u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u5272\u7b26<\/p>\n

18 sed\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u66ff\u6362\uff1ased \u2018s\/\u65e7\u5185\u5bb9\/\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9\/\u6807\u8bb0’ \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u8868\u793a\u628a “\u6587\u4ef6” \u4e2d\u7684 “\u65e7\u5185\u5bb9” \u6309\u7167 “\u6807\u8bb0\uff08\u6761\u4ef6\uff09” \u6362\u6210 “\u65b0\u5185\u5bb9”<\/p>\n

\u6807\u8bb0\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/p>\n

n 1~512 \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u51fa\u73b0\u7b2c\u51e0\u6b21\u65f6\u624d\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u4e2d\u6709 3 \u4e2a A\uff0c\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u53ea\u60f3\u66ff\u6362\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a A\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5c31\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\uff1b<\/p>\n

g \u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 g\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\u65f6\u505a\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6709 3 \u4e2a A\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u4f1a\u66ff\u6362\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a A\uff1b<\/p>\n

p \u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u4e0e\u66ff\u6362\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u884c\u3002\u6b64\u6807\u8bb0\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e -n \u9009\u9879\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

w file \u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 file \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1b<\/p>\n

& \u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff1b<\/p>\n

\\n \u5339\u914d\u7b2c n \u4e2a\u5b50\u4e32\uff0c\u8be5\u5b50\u4e32\u4e4b\u524d\u5728 pattern \u4e2d\u7528 \\(\\) \u6307\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\\ \u8f6c\u4e49\uff08\u8f6c\u4e49\u66ff\u6362\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u542b\uff1a&\u3001\\ \u7b49\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

19 awk\u51fd\u6570\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u548c sed \u547d\u4ee4\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cawk \u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u662f\u9010\u884c\u626b\u63cf\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4ece\u7b2c 1 \u884c\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\uff09\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u542b\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u672c\u7684\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5728\u8be5\u884c\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7528\u6237\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u5bf9\u884c\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

awk [option] ‘pattern { [action] }’ file …<\/p>\n

awk \u53c2\u6570 \u6761\u4ef6\u52a8\u4f5c \u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1a'[action]’<\/p>\n

$n \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7b2cn\u4e2a\u5217\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n

$0 \u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n

FS \u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u7a7a\u683c<\/p>\n

NF(Number of fields) \u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u4e00\u5171\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5<\/p>\n

NR(Number of records) \u5f53\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570\uff0c\u884c\u6570<\/p>\n

2\u3001awk\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf\uff08 [pattern] \uff09<\/p>\n

BEGIN \u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff1b<\/p>\n

END\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u6240\u6709\u7684\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6267\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1b<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u53c2\u6570\uff1a [option]<\/p>\n

awk\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08option\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff09<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570 \u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n

-F \u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u5b57\u6bb5\u7b26<\/p>\n

-v \u5b9a\u4e49\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e2aawk\u5185\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

-f \u4ece\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6awk\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9elinux\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u597d\u591a\u597d\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u638c\u63e1\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5c31\u8db3\u591f\u5566\uff0c\u540e\u8fb9\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u6162\u6162\u5b66\uff0c\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8ddf\u5c0f\u679c\u4e00\u5757\u5b66\u8d77\u6765\u5427\uff01\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u548c\u5c0f\u679c\u4e92\u52a8\u4ea4\u6d41\u54df\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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