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\/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><strong>MDS (Multi-Dimensional Scaling)<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5173\u7cfb\u3002MDS \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u77e9\u9635\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u964d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: 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10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5bfc\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(rafalib)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(tissuesGeneExpression)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">data(tissuesGeneExpression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u80be\u3001\u7ed3\u80a0\u3001\u809d\u810f\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">colind <- tissue%in%<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"kidney\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"colon\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"liver\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mat <- e[,colind]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">group <- factor(tissue[colind])<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">dim<\/span>(mat) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u67e5\u770b\u7b80\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u7b80\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u53d8\u4e3a<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">22215<\/span>*<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">99<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f7f\u7528svd\uff08 \uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">s <- svd(mat-rowMeans(mat))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5747\u503c\uff08\u5373 rowMeans(mat)\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u79fb\u5230\u539f\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002<br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u6216\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5747\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6570\u636e\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u4f7f\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u51faZ\u7684\u5750\u6807\u5e76\u5bf9\u964d\u7ef4\u540e\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC1 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC2 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mypar(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(PC1,PC2,pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">21<\/span>,bg=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">as.numeric<\/span>(group))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">legend(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"bottomright\"<\/span>,levels(group),col=seq(along=levels(group)),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">15<\/span>,cex=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1.5<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.9407407407407408\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_ibFhyWWBc13IxRz8l1qTAYVbltzLwA.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHC6pX31DOrMkSpmYHnf6ibelXHlibFhyWWBc13IxRz8l1qTAYVbltzLwA\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u53d6\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u4e09\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u5dee\u89e3\u91ca\u56fe\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(s$d^<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>\/<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">sum<\/span>(s$d^<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.8666666666666667\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_qx8pcgkdUNSquSCsROeblWdumKKcjw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHWvZibbzcxAuu2HNpcFowpz1Pxqx8pcgkdUNSquSCsROeblWdumKKcjw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e8650%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u4e5f\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u770b\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5427\uff5e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC3 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC4 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mypar(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(PC3,PC4,pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">21<\/span>,bg=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">as.numeric<\/span>(group))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">legend(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"bottomright\"<\/span>,levels(group),col=seq(along=levels(group)),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">15<\/span>,cex=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1.5<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-ratio=\"0.9356060606060606\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_UOCk6icQ9p78AgQJZkolgMBPgkWRrw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHGjzQPjRQMbXtEcvSRkwDy9SKoUOCk6icQ9p78AgQJZkolgMBPgkWRrw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1056\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u964d\u7ef4\u540e\uff0c\u4e09\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6548\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5982\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u80be\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff08\u6a59\u8272\u7684\u70b9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684svd\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8eMDS\u591a\u7ef4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53d8\u6362\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u51fd\u6570cmdscale\uff08 \uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u8ddd\u79bb\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528k\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8fd1\u4f3c\u503c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">d <- dist(t(mat))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mds <- cmdscale(d)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><br \/><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mypar()<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(mds[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>],mds[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>],bg=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">as.numeric<\/span>(group),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">21<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">xlab=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"First dimension\"<\/span>,ylab=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Second dimension\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">legend(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"bottomleft\"<\/span>,levels(group),col=seq(along=levels(group)),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">15<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.9822834645669292\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4_P2GOt4ib2J0sQoK96B5RVZbtBSWicQ.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHm6FhetexmbIG3oylIE1SJW3iaIxP2GOt4ib2J0sQoK96B5RVZbtBSWicQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1016\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5SVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684MDS\u591a\u4e3a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e24\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5173\u4e8eSVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u5728\u964d\u7ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c31\u5148\u544a\u4e00\u6bb5\u843d\u5566\uff5e\u5927\u5bb6\u5feb\u53bb\u8bd5\u8bd5\u5427\uff01\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u6765\u548c\u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9\u4ea4\u6d41\u54e6\uff01<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u66f4\u591a\u5b9e\u7528\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5c0f\u5de5\u5177\u5728\u4e91\u751f\u4fe1\u5e73\u53f0\u7b49\u7740\u4f60\u54e6\uff5e<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;align-self: center;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">E<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">N<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">D<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 24px;\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/mp.weixin.qq.com\/s?__biz=MzAwNjE0MDY3MQ==&mid=2650762044&idx=2&sn=c74f81e91cadd166adc7168dec9891ed&chksm=831a2cacb46da5ba75c42a1b82fd9e84a5e56b7f87d980fc30886f97ff466d41a36afe405420&scene=21#wechat_redirect\" textvalue=\"\u4f60\u5df2\u9009\u4e2d\u4e86\u6dfb\u52a0\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\" linktype=\"text\" imgurl=\"\" imgdata=\"null\" data-itemshowtype=\"0\" tab=\"innerlink\" data-linktype=\"1\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"js_jump_icon h5_image_link\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.3575547866205306\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/5_HVzeSsosMjColwxeR2aMsicmMgicVQ.jpg?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_jpg\/oCSOtP61aEUEOPhTDbhztaU7davdEP2YwrJAkVkEBJERQsIkEkqD5wX4VcHVzeSsosMjColwxeR2aMsicmMgicVQ\/640?wx_fmt=jpeg'\" data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"867\" style=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 24px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.5555555555555556\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/6_akXKU5NcO1KwuWc1Rk7ZJ56LC2pYrQ-6.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEXjjmsEC5aXz0RE4be2ib1fJPnBD8yX0Z6OF2zocd2ngHpLOakXKU5NcO1KwuWc1Rk7ZJ56LC2pYrQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"900\" style=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"display: none;margin-bottom: 24px;\"><mp-style-type data-value=\"3\"><\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<div class=\"msg_source_url\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u9605\u8bfb\u539f\u6587<\/a><\/div>\n<p><\/content><\/p>\n<div class=\"msg_source_url\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html\" target=\"_blank\" 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hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(29, 29, 29);\">\n<p>\u70b9\u51fb\u84dd\u5b57<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec<br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0cSVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u5206\u89e3\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u5411\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86SVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u5728\u964d\u7ef4\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9\u5c06\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u5e26\u6765SVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9879\u7edd\u6d3b\u2014\u2014\u4ee5SVD\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684MDS\u591a\u7ef4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53d8\u6362\u3002MDS\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528SVD\u548cMDS\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\u964d\u7ef4\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cSVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u5728\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u4e2d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u63a2\u7d22\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><strong>MDS (Multi-Dimensional Scaling)<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5173\u7cfb\u3002MDS \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u77e9\u9635\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u4f18\u5316\u8ddd\u79bb\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u539f\u59cb\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u964d\u7ef4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u4ee5SVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684MDS\u6280\u672f\u5219\u662f\u7528SVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u964d\u7ef4\u540e\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u5c06\u7279\u5f81\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u4e8c\u7ef4\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6570\u5b66\u63a8\u5bfc\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6837\u672ci\u548cj\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eSVD\u964d\u7ef4\u540e\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u70b9Z\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u90a3\u4e48\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u7528\u4f8b\u5b50\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u7528\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5bfc\u5165\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(rafalib)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(tissuesGeneExpression)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">data(tissuesGeneExpression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u80be\u3001\u7ed3\u80a0\u3001\u809d\u810f\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">colind <- tissue%in%<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"kidney\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"colon\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"liver\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mat <- e[,colind]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">group <- factor(tissue[colind])<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">dim<\/span>(mat) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u67e5\u770b\u7b80\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u7b80\u5316\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u53d8\u4e3a<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">22215<\/span>*<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">99<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u4f7f\u7528svd\uff08 \uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">s <- svd(mat-rowMeans(mat))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5747\u503c\uff08\u5373 rowMeans(mat)\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u79fb\u5230\u539f\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002<br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u7684\u566a\u58f0\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u6216\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u51cf\u53bb\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5747\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6570\u636e\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u504f\u79fb\uff0c\u4f7f\u964d\u7ef4\u5206\u6790\u66f4\u52a0\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u51faZ\u7684\u5750\u6807\u5e76\u5bf9\u964d\u7ef4\u540e\u4e0d\u540c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC1 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC2 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mypar(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(PC1,PC2,pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">21<\/span>,bg=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">as.numeric<\/span>(group))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">legend(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"bottomright\"<\/span>,levels(group),col=seq(along=levels(group)),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">15<\/span>,cex=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1.5<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.9407407407407408\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_ibFhyWWBc13IxRz8l1qTAYVbltzLwA.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHC6pX31DOrMkSpmYHnf6ibelXHlibFhyWWBc13IxRz8l1qTAYVbltzLwA\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u53d6\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u4e09\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u533a\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd1\u4f3c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4e0a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed8\u5236\u65b9\u5dee\u89e3\u91ca\u56fe\u6765\u5feb\u901f\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(s$d^<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>\/<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">sum<\/span>(s$d^<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.8666666666666667\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_qx8pcgkdUNSquSCsROeblWdumKKcjw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHWvZibbzcxAuu2HNpcFowpz1Pxqx8pcgkdUNSquSCsROeblWdumKKcjw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e8650%\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u4e5f\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u5c11\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;\">\n<section style=\"transform: scale(0.77);transform-origin: center center;margin-top: -6px;margin-bottom: -6px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 40px;height: 40px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 65px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;justify-content: center;margin-top: 7px;margin-right: 0%;margin-left: 0%;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(55deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 20px;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;\">\n<section style=\"transform: rotateZ(305deg);\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-right: 0%;margin-bottom: 18px;margin-left: 0%;transform: translate3d(-13px, 0px, 0px);\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 20px;height: 8px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 50%;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;padding-left: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: left;margin-top: 10px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(62, 62, 62);\">\n<p><strong>\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u770b\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5427\uff5e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 8px;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(237, 164, 171);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC3 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">PC4 <- s$d[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>]*s$v[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>]<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mypar(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(PC3,PC4,pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">21<\/span>,bg=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">as.numeric<\/span>(group))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">legend(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"bottomright\"<\/span>,levels(group),col=seq(along=levels(group)),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">15<\/span>,cex=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1.5<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-ratio=\"0.9356060606060606\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_UOCk6icQ9p78AgQJZkolgMBPgkWRrw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHGjzQPjRQMbXtEcvSRkwDy9SKoUOCk6icQ9p78AgQJZkolgMBPgkWRrw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1056\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u964d\u7ef4\u540e\uff0c\u4e09\u7c7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6548\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u5982\u7b2c\u4e00\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u80be\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff08\u6a59\u8272\u7684\u70b9\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0a\u9762\u7684svd\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8eMDS\u591a\u7ef4\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53d8\u6362\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u51fd\u6570cmdscale\uff08 \uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u8ddd\u79bb\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528k\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8fd1\u4f3c\u503c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">d <- dist(t(mat))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mds <- cmdscale(d)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><br \/><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">mypar()<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(mds[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>],mds[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>],bg=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">as.numeric<\/span>(group),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">21<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">xlab=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"First dimension\"<\/span>,ylab=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Second dimension\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">legend(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"bottomleft\"<\/span>,levels(group),col=seq(along=levels(group)),pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">15<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\" powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;width: 60%;height: auto;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.9822834645669292\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4_P2GOt4ib2J0sQoK96B5RVZbtBSWicQ.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEUJBKoTRbNLxokvrcju55fHm6FhetexmbIG3oylIE1SJW3iaIxP2GOt4ib2J0sQoK96B5RVZbtBSWicQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1016\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 100%;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u4ee5SVD\u5947\u5f02\u503c\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684MDS\u591a\u4e3a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53d8\u5316\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: 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