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border-box;\">memisc\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982CSV\u3001SPSS\u548cStata\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6574\u5408\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002memisc\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3001\u91cd\u7f16\u7801\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u884d\u751f\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u529f\u80fd\uff0cmemisc\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5305\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u6f02\u4eae\u548c\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002memisc\u652f\u6301\u521b\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8eLaTeX\u7684PDF\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u9879\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u5305\u8fd8\u652f\u6301HTML\u548cRTF\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u5448\u73b0\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">memisc\u5305\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5b83\u5bf9\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5143\u6570\u636e\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\u3002memisc\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cmemisc\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u548c\u805a\u96c6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u8003\u8651\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 11px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8981\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728R\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"memisc\"<\/span>) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5b89\u88c5memisc\u8bed\u8a00\u5305<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> library(memisc) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bed\u8a00\u5305<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165memisc\u5305\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u540d\u4e3a<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression.csv\"<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5b89\u88c5\u8bed\u8a00\u5305<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"memisc\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> library(memisc)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> gene_expression <- read.csv(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression.csv\"<\/span>, header = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">TRUE<\/span>, sep = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\",\"<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86<span style=\"display: none;line-height: 0px;\">\u200d<\/span>\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6458\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> dataStructure(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u6458\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> summary(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.8527777777777777\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_Wy7SMMbxAtiaUFTKYetDrDn1KtcFTg.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0lJczwpdEj9NHHHpYncw9WooskWy7SMMbxAtiaUFTKYetDrDn1KtcFTg\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 11px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> gene_expression$mean_expression <- rowMeans(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><br \/><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> head(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.3074074074074074\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_nBX5icg6GbauSOC97sDwlZzO2Kfnqw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch06Lu9w8lVncMaYDTZytg1IGvK8nBX5icg6GbauSOC97sDwlZzO2Kfnqw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\uff0cmemisc\u5305\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u7b7e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> variable_labels(gene_expression) <- <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene1 = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"Gene 1 expression\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene2 = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"Gene 2 expression\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene3 = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"Gene 3 expression\"<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efa\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> missing_values(gene_expression) <- <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">list<\/span>(<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene1 = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">999<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">888<\/span>),<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene2 = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">777<\/span>),<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene3 = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">666<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> variable_labels(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> missing_values(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6f02\u4eae\u548c\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5bfc\u51fa\u62a5\u544a\u4e3aPDF\u3001HTML\u6216RTF\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efaPDF\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> report <- prepareCodebook(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> writeCodebook(report, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression_codebook.pdf\"<\/span>, format = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"pdf\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efaHTML\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> report <- prepareCodebook(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> writeCodebook(report, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression_codebook.html\"<\/span>, format = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"html\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efaRTF\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> report <- prepareCodebook(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> writeCodebook(report, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression_codebook.rtf\"<\/span>, format = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"rtf\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.9729411764705882\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_VZL92icb0gwVL5eENypV07As2QIDzw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0kiaQVblicdPbxSSyZ1d6LDNB5ztVZL92icb0gwVL5eENypV07As2QIDzw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"850\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4_wX2dlcZxJGxnvJb5WTiceXpayJsicQ.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0QsM25x5ga83dKoYibjp3TphrY94wX2dlcZxJGxnvJb5WTiceXpayJsicQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.262037037037037\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/5_FlOCg4sLOK1WB6kEYgMEia0BFOSFZA.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0aqrGu0YwicPEWiaAdhIMJzTzO6MFlOCg4sLOK1WB6kEYgMEia0BFOSFZA\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin: 0px 0% -20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 8px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 16px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 21px 21px 0px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(231, 215, 173);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;border-right: 0px rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 12px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(231, 215, 173) 0px 6px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"margin: 20px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 0px 10px;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u5904\u7406\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u5206\u6790\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9R\u8bed\u8a00\u5305memisc\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5566\uff0cmemisc\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684R\u8bed\u8a00\u5305\uff0c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5168\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u548c\u5143\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u91ca\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cmemisc\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ecememisc\u5305\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u76ca\u5904\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5176\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/>\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4eec\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5b66\u5230\u65b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u5462\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e86\u89e3R\u8bed\u8a00\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u7eed\u5173\u6ce8\u5c0f\u679c\u54e6\uff5e\uff5e\u6216\u8005\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b98\u7f51\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u54e6\uff5e<\/p>\n<p>\u7f51\u5740\uff1ahttp:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 11px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 10px 0% 0px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;transform: translate3d(32px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(32px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(32px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(32px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"font-size: 17px;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);background-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u76f8<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"font-size: 17px;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);background-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u5173<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"font-size: 17px;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);background-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u63a8<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"font-size: 17px;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);background-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8350<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(123, 118, 118, 0.05);padding: 24px 34px 34px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">1.https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/63269006\/gene-expression-profile-plot-in-r<br \/>2.https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/datasets\/crawford\/gene-expression?resource=download&select=actual.csv<br 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border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: -9px 0% 5px;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;line-height: 0;align-self: flex-start;border-width: 0px;margin: 5px 0px 0px 7px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 2px;height: 10px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin: -6px 0% 4px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 10px;height: 2px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;line-height: 0;border-width: 0px;margin: 0px 0px 0px 4px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin: -4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 9px;height: 9px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 2px;border-radius: 47px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"margin: 0px 0%;text-align: center;transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-1px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(59, 149, 115);font-size: 17px;padding: 0px 11px;line-height: 1;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u70b9\u51fb\u84dd\u5b57 \u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;line-height: 0;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 16px;height: 12px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);padding: 0px 2px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 3px;height: 3px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 155px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: 50%;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"margin: 4px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 3px;height: 3px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 155px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(3px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 0px;height: 0px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-style: solid;border-width: 0px 0px 4px 4px;border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) rgb(59, 149, 115);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding: 0px 10px;letter-spacing: 2px;line-height: 1.8;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cmemisc\uff08\u610f\u4e3a”Memory of the Social Sciences”\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684R\u8bed\u8a00\u5305\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5904\u7406\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">memisc\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u5bfc\u51fa\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982CSV\u3001SPSS\u548cStata\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u6574\u5408\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002memisc\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3001\u91cd\u7f16\u7801\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u884d\u751f\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u529f\u80fd\uff0cmemisc\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5305\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u6f02\u4eae\u548c\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002memisc\u652f\u6301\u521b\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8eLaTeX\u7684PDF\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u9009\u9879\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u5305\u8fd8\u652f\u6301HTML\u548cRTF\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u5448\u73b0\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">memisc\u5305\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\u662f\u5b83\u5bf9\u5143\u6570\u636e\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5143\u6570\u636e\u662f\u63cf\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\u3002memisc\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6b64\u5916\uff0cmemisc\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7ec4\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u548c\u805a\u96c6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u8003\u8651\u6837\u672c\u8c03\u67e5\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 11px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8981\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728R\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\uff1a<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"memisc\"<\/span>) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5b89\u88c5memisc\u8bed\u8a00\u5305<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> library(memisc) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u52a0\u8f7d\u8bed\u8a00\u5305<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165memisc\u5305\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u540d\u4e3a<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression.csv\"<\/span>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5b89\u88c5\u8bed\u8a00\u5305<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"memisc\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> library(memisc)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> gene_expression <- read.csv(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression.csv\"<\/span>, header = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">TRUE<\/span>, sep = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\",\"<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u4e00\u65e6\u6211\u4eec\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86<span style=\"display: none;line-height: 0px;\">\u200d<\/span>\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6458\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> dataStructure(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u6458\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> summary(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.8527777777777777\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_Wy7SMMbxAtiaUFTKYetDrDn1KtcFTg.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0lJczwpdEj9NHHHpYncw9WooskWy7SMMbxAtiaUFTKYetDrDn1KtcFTg\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 11px;line-height: 1.8;padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><span style=\"font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> gene_expression$mean_expression <- rowMeans(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><br \/><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> head(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.3074074074074074\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_nBX5icg6GbauSOC97sDwlZzO2Kfnqw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch06Lu9w8lVncMaYDTZytg1IGvK8nBX5icg6GbauSOC97sDwlZzO2Kfnqw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\uff0cmemisc\u5305\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b49\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efa\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u7b7e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> variable_labels(gene_expression) <- <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene1 = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"Gene 1 expression\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene2 = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"Gene 2 expression\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene3 = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"Gene 3 expression\"<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efa\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> missing_values(gene_expression) <- <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">list<\/span>(<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene1 = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">999<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">888<\/span>),<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene2 = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">777<\/span>),<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> gene3 = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">666<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> variable_labels(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> missing_values(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6f02\u4eae\u548c\u53ef\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5bfc\u51fa\u62a5\u544a\u4e3aPDF\u3001HTML\u6216RTF\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efaPDF\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> report <- prepareCodebook(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> writeCodebook(report, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression_codebook.pdf\"<\/span>, format = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"pdf\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efaHTML\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> report <- prepareCodebook(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> writeCodebook(report, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression_codebook.html\"<\/span>, format = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"html\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u521b\u5efaRTF\u62a5\u544a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> report <- prepareCodebook(gene_expression)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">> writeCodebook(report, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gene_expression_codebook.rtf\"<\/span>, format = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"rtf\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.9729411764705882\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_VZL92icb0gwVL5eENypV07As2QIDzw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0kiaQVblicdPbxSSyZ1d6LDNB5ztVZL92icb0gwVL5eENypV07As2QIDzw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"850\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.75\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4_wX2dlcZxJGxnvJb5WTiceXpayJsicQ.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0QsM25x5ga83dKoYibjp3TphrY94wX2dlcZxJGxnvJb5WTiceXpayJsicQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.262037037037037\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/5_FlOCg4sLOK1WB6kEYgMEia0BFOSFZA.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSAgKTQ2bRdsFic0NAAoHch0aqrGu0YwicPEWiaAdhIMJzTzO6MFlOCg4sLOK1WB6kEYgMEia0BFOSFZA\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin: 0px 0% -20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 8px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 16px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 21px 21px 0px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(231, 215, 173);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;border-right: 0px rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 12px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(231, 215, 173) 0px 6px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"margin: 20px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 0px 10px;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.8;letter-spacing: 2px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u5904\u7406\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528memisc\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u5206\u6790\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u3002<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" 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inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);background-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u63a8<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: center;margin: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"font-size: 17px;margin: 0px 0%;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);background-color: rgb(142, 201, 101);text-align: center;width: 1.8em;height: 1.8em;line-height: 1.8em;border-radius: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;font-size: 14px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8350<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"margin: 10px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgba(123, 118, 118, 0.05);padding: 24px 34px 34px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">1.https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/63269006\/gene-expression-profile-plot-in-r<br \/>2.https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/datasets\/crawford\/gene-expression?resource=download&select=actual.csv<br 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