{"id":58120,"date":"2024-06-16T22:26:46","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T14:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=58120"},"modified":"2024-06-16T22:26:46","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T14:26:46","slug":"%e9%82%a3%e4%ba%9b%e5%ae%b9%e6%98%93%e8%a2%ab%e4%ba%ba%e5%bf%bd%e8%a7%86%e7%9a%84r%e5%8c%85-%e5%9f%ba%e4%ba%8ecaret%e7%9a%84%e6%9c%ba%e5%99%a8%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=58120","title":{"rendered":"\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u4eba\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684R\u5305\u2014\u2014\u57fa\u4e8ecaret\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff08\u4e00\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"


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style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/>caret\uff08Classification And REgression Training\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u6574\u3001\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u5927\u6d77\u54e5\u5927\u81f4\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u5305\u542b238\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u4f17\u591a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7b80\u76f4\u5f3a\u5230\u7a92\u606f~\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u76ee\u524d\uff0ccaret\u5305\u5df2\u7ecf\u505c\u6b62\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u8005\u5df2\u52a0\u5165Rstudio\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86tidymodels\uff0c\u4ecetidymodels\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230caret\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0ccaret\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5bb6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u89c6\u8fd9\u4e2aR\u5305\u54e6\uff01<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0%;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;background-color: rgb(204, 223, 237);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 50px 50px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;background-color: rgb(60, 86, 125);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 0px 50px 50px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(255, 255, 254);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 2px;padding: 0px 15px;font-family: PingFangSC-light;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">caret\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u79cd<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 238, 211);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(32, 70, 126);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6570\u636e\u62c6\u5206<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 238, 211);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(32, 70, 126);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 238, 211);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(32, 70, 126);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 238, 211);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(32, 70, 126);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u53ca\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 238, 211);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(32, 70, 126);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u53d8\u91cf\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(255, 238, 211);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(32, 70, 126);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u8fc7\u591a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6570\u636e\u62c6\u5206\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u53ca\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(245, 245, 245);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">1.1\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">library(caret)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">library(earth) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5229\u7528\u5305\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">data(etitanic)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u4f7f\u7528baseR\u4e2d\u7684model.matrix<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">head(model.matrix(survived ~ ., data = etitanic)[,-<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1<\/span>])<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.25952380952380955\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_0ial9gsyovvB11oXrsk6mvbp549xRw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPicibCM0uJCW0icJdPHy60UpowkbY0ial9gsyovvB11oXrsk6mvbp549xRw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"420\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u6570\u636e\u96c6etitantic\u4e2dpclass\u53d8\u91cf\u67091st,2nd, 3rd\u4e09\u4e2a\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#model.matrix()\u51fd\u6570\u5c06pclass\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5e76\u628a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c34\u5e73\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\u5217<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u4f7f\u7528caret\u5305\u7684dummyVars\uff08\uff09\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">dummies <- dummyVars(survived ~ ., data = etitanic)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">head(predict(dummies, newdata = etitanic))<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.1757188498402556\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_sArozvT65jaJrp71ticiaxY4S87v1w.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDP8I1Xj0uraK52Uz4G7lNENL0DVCsArozvT65jaJrp71ticiaxY4S87v1w\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"626\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u5c06pclass\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">1.2\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#preprocess\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5927\u6d77\u54e5\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u6cd5<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">preProcess(x,  \u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e3a\u6570\u503c\u578b\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u6216\u6570\u636e\u6846<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">method = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"center\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"scale\"<\/span>), \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#  <\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">thresh = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">0.95<\/span>, PCA\u7684\u9608\u503c<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">pcaComp = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">NULL<\/span>, PCA\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u4e2a\u6570<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">na.remove = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">TRUE<\/span>, \u662f\u5426\u53bb\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#   <\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">k = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">5<\/span>,   knn\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684k\u503c<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">knnSummary = mean, knn\u63d2\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">outcome = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">NULL<\/span>,  \u7ed3\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">fudge = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">0.2<\/span>, \u516c\u5dee\u503c<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">numUnique = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">3<\/span>, Box-Cox\u53d8\u6362\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u503c<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> verbose = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">FALSE<\/span>, \u662f\u5426\u663e\u793a\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> freqCut = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">95<\/span>\/<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">5<\/span>, \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u503c\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5e38\u89c1\u503c\u7684\u6bd4\u503c<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> uniqueCut = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">10<\/span>, \u4e0d\u540c\u503c\u5360\u603b\u6837\u672c\u6570\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> cutoff = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">0.9<\/span>,   \u76f8\u5173\u6027\u7684\u9608\u503c<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"> rangeBounds = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">0<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1<\/span>), \u6307\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u53d8\u6362<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5method\u8fd8\u6709\uff1a<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"BoxCox\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"YeoJohnson\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"expoTrans\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"center\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"scale\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"range\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"knnImpute\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"bagImpute\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"medianImpute\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"pca\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"ica\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"spatialSign\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"corr\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"zv\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"nzv\"<\/span>, and <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"conditionalX\"<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><br \/><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a\u4e00\u4e0b\u5427<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">library(AppliedPredictiveModeling)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">data(schedulingData)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5f15\u5165\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">str(schedulingData)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.21705426356589147\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_mHcDunk9L6yIa6FEgRldwficYeGd6g.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPj0k6hGU2ic9LCk6LOecMMpTOKkmHcDunk9L6yIa6FEgRldwficYeGd6g\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"645\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">pp <- preProcess(schedulingData[, -<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">8<\/span>], <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">         method = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"center\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"scale\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"YeoJohnson\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"nzv\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.4340909090909091\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4_RcrvSicbjNCBiaeMoz0YqK4Q8xwawg.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPb1M7t7UtnScAmVibJibclT2vSE4tRcrvSicbjNCBiaeMoz0YqK4Q8xwawg\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"440\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u62ff\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u6d4b<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">predict(pp, newdata =schedulingData[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1<\/span>:<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">6<\/span>, -<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">8<\/span>])<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.21764705882352942\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/5_SgcxNWy8YcgN9ErmrDJFJD1Puibd0w.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPVAyFJQ6z9yOWoLeZmevJaDGhrSgcxNWy8YcgN9ErmrDJFJD1Puibd0w\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"510\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u54e6\uff01<\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(245, 245, 245);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">2\u3001\u6570\u636e\u62c6\u5206<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u62c6\u5206<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">data(iris)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">iris <- na.omit(iris)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">set.seed(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">123<\/span>)  <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u91cd\u590d<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">train_indices <- createDataPartition(iris $Species, p = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">0.7<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">list<\/span> = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">FALSE<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">train_data <-iris[train_indices, ]<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">test_data <- iris[-train_indices, ]<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.2383612662942272\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/6_cbXQHmzfGurkU3tXD82ccOFzOuyYDg.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPmicaa6XSLxOIx4ia3NWF6MN6mwicbXQHmzfGurkU3tXD82ccOFzOuyYDg\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"537\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b03\uff1a7\u968f\u673a\u62bd\u53d6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\u548c\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u54e6\uff01\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5427\uff01<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(245, 245, 245);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">3\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u57fa\u672c\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u5b9a<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">fitControl <- trainControl(<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">## 10-fold CV<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                          method = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"repeatedcv\"<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                          number = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">5<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                          <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">## repeated ten times<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                          repeats = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">3<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"># method\uff1a\u91cd\u91c7\u6837\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\"boot\", \"boot632\", \"optimism_boot\",\"boot_all\", \"cv\", \"repeatedcv\",<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"LOOCV\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"LGOCV\"<\/span> (<span class=\"code-snippet__keyword\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">for<\/span> repeated training\/test splits),<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"none\"<\/span> (only fits one model to the entire training set),<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"oob\"<\/span> (only <span class=\"code-snippet__keyword\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">for<\/span> random forest, bagged trees, bagged earth, bagged flexible discriminant analysis, or conditional tree forest models), timeslice,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"adaptive_cv\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"adaptive_boot\"<\/span> or<span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"adaptive_LGOCV\"<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#number\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u6298\u6570\u3001bootstrap\u62bd\u6837\u6b21\u6570 <\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#repeats \u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><br \/><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u6a21\u578b\u62df\u5408<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">set.seed(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">gbmFit1 <- train(factor(Species) ~ ., <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 data = train_data, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 method = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gbm\"<\/span>, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 trControl = fitControl,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">## This last option is actually one<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">## for gbm() that passes through<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 verbose = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">FALSE<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u62df\u5408\u5e76\u4e14\u6784\u5efa\u6210\u529f\uff01<\/p>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(245, 245, 245);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">4\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u8c03\u53c2<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8fed\u4ee3\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5373\u6811\uff08\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\uff09n.trees<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6811\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3ainteraction.depth<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u5b66\u4e60\u901f\u7387\uff1a\u7b97\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3ashrinkage<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb\u62c6\u5206\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u6837\u672c\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u6570\u91cf\uff08n.minobsinnode)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5b9a\u4e49\u8c03\u53c2\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">gbmGrid <-  expand.grid(interaction.depth = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">5<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">9<\/span>), <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                       n.trees = (<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">1<\/span>:<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">20<\/span>)*<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">100<\/span>, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                       shrinkage =<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">0.1<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                       n.minobsinnode = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">20<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                       <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">nrow(gbmGrid)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.2037037037037037\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/7_czfkCcaJjLpicA3ENDiauP8FepTmzw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPXaL7Besd72kjxyUCr6JUfOhHouczfkCcaJjLpicA3ENDiauP8FepTmzw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"162\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u53c2<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">set.seed(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">2<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">gbmFit2 <- train(factor(Species) ~ ., <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 data = train_data, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 method = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"gbm\"<\/span>, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 trControl = fitControl,<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 verbose = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">FALSE<\/span>, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">                 tuneGrid = gbmGrid)<\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">gbmFit2$bestTune  <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u8c03\u4f18\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u65f6\u95f4\u54e6\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.09302325581395349\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/8_StUhZVKO6FM1V1AIHsSpNI4CC5TG6A.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPlCWkMvVASCA0ibenMksKibiaQxfStUhZVKO6FM1V1AIHsSpNI4CC5TG6A\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"516\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8c03\u4f18\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">gbmFit2$finalModel <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u6700\u7ec8\u6a21\u578b<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.14046121593291405\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/9_8iao1QXB8Gib7fujBhIyrxyIaJtC7A.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPmUMyzNnED0KbF48mwiboxCUI0Ek8iao1QXB8Gib7fujBhIyrxyIaJtC7A\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"477\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7ed8\u5236\u91cd\u91c7\u6837\u66f2\u7ebf<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">ggplot(gbmFit2) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u4ee5Accuracy\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.4759259259259259\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/10_xf9SYLcLIPibEf9BibUAAJwcibWh8Q.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDP2Tn5AklIhiaOYLU0PcYkALpVchdrxf9SYLcLIPibEf9BibUAAJwcibWh8Q\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9ggplot(gbmFit2,metric = \"Kappa\") #\u4ee5Kappa\u4e3a\u57fa\u51c6<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 20px 0px 10px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(59, 149, 115);min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"color: rgb(245, 245, 245);text-align: center;letter-spacing: 1.2px;padding: 0px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><strong style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">5\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">predict(gbmFit2, newdata = head(test_data))<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u9ed8\u8ba4\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u7c7b<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.08480565371024736\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/11_92xWyUcjX9uqkvtla6315uAibiajMg.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDPowlUr0xcVFxia6ZaZb9fq4eMKks92xWyUcjX9uqkvtla6315uAibiajMg\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"566\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u9884\u6d4b\u6210\u529f\u5566\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u6982\u7387\u54e6\uff01<\/span><\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">predict(gbmFit2, <\/span><\/code><code style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">        newdata = head(test_data), type = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">\"prob\"<\/span>)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\">#\u9884\u6d4b\u6982\u7387<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-ratio=\"0.2722117202268431\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/12_odQOxt8X5giaxRIV0QNn81ulrY7rhQ.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/mmbiz_png\/YHGRXkSxjSSk7ZoWicdVQOicVXLzha1aDP7cuBsVKLDgdicb73ZgYNxdCibxwodQOxt8X5giaxRIV0QNn81ulrY7rhQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"529\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u6709\u4e86\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u53d1\u6325\u5566\uff01<\/p>\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\u7740\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/>\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8eggfittext\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fee\u6539\u8282\u70b9\u6807\u7b7e\u54e6<\/p>\n<section style=\"font-size: 12px;line-height: 0;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<p style=\"white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box;\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0% 20px;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"text-align: right;margin: 0px 0% -20px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 8px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;width: 16px;height: 20px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 21px 21px 0px 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-color: rgb(231, 215, 173);box-sizing: border-box;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;background-color: rgb(245, 241, 224);flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;border-right: 0px rgb(62, 62, 62);border-top-right-radius: 12px;overflow: hidden;box-shadow: rgb(231, 215, 173) 0px 6px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"margin: 20px 0% 30px;box-sizing: border-box;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 0px 23px;text-align: 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