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flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);box-shadow: rgb(249, 172, 172) 0px 0px 5px 3px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin-top: -14px;margin-bottom: -14px;\">\n<p>{ \u70b9\u51fb\u84dd\u5b57\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec }<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 2em;\">GWAS\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790case\/control\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u5173\u8054\u7684SNP\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u800ccase\u548ccontrol\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 2em;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">Population stratification\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662fcase\/control\u7ec4\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u738b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7956\u5148\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u578b\u7ed3\u679c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u3002GWAS\u5206\u6790\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u7531\u4e8e\u75be\u75c5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u6b63\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u6821\u6b63\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373PCA\uff0c\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff08Principal Components Analysis, PCA\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e2d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u8c03\u6574\u6837\u672c\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4GWAS\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u5047\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2acase-control\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u4f7f\u7528plink\u7684\u5f97\u5230PCA\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u591a\u5c11\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5206\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#\u7ed9\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_eigenvectors<-read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'2-data-holstein_pca.eigenvec'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_eigenval<-read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'2-data-holstein_pca.eigenval'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#calculating percentage of eigenvalues<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_eigenval$percentage<-pca_eigenval$V1\/<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">sum<\/span>(pca_eigenval$V1)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#plot<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_value1<-paste(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"PCA1(\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>*<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">round<\/span>(pca_eigenval$percentage[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>],<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>),<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"%)\"<\/span>,sep = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_value2<-paste(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"PCA2(\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>*<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">round<\/span>(pca_eigenval$percentage[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>],<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>),<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"%)\"<\/span>,sep = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\"># output plot<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">tiff(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"2-plot-PCA.tiff\"<\/span>, width = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1000<\/span>,height=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1000<\/span>,res = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">par(mar=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>),cex.axis=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>,cex.lab=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>, cex.axis=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>, lwd=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span> ,bty=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"l\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(pca_eigenvectors[,<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>)],pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">16<\/span>,col=rainbow(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>),xlab=pca_value1,ylab=pca_value2)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">dev.off()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-ratio=\"1.0232312565997888\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_Q39iaNl4p8zTZe4qXvqehicPGQQvrw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVHoGh0bPTAxnsLNicYHHjwzU5D0ibnsPJkSuIeiaK7UKictxF0WdQ39iaNl4p8zTZe4qXvqehicPGQQvrw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"947\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-ratio=\"1.0222222222222221\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_iaSmic4Ap54BKia8ziagCibHiagbEA.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVOrXHO9nelVG8VMAQ07OIkic6TzIKLBcspwQM8prIq5ib7Bjt83HZ3iaSmic4Ap54BKia8ziagCibHiagbEA\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"gif\" data-w=\"720\" style=\"width: 205px;height: 210px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">GWAS\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aSNP\u7684P\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caSNP\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u548c\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4f5c\u56fe\u3002\u56fe\u597d\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u770b\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u8bfb\uff1f\u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9\u7ed9\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(251, 152, 144);\">\n<p><strong>\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">Manhattan plot\uff08\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\uff09\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u628aGWAS\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709SNP\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684p-value\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e0a\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u753b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06p-value\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a-log10\uff08p-value\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u4f4d\u70b9-log10\uff08p-value\uff09\u5728Y\u8f74\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u6027\u72b6\u6216\u8005\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5173\u8054\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5173\u8054\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff08\u5373p-value\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff09\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fde\u9501\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\uff08LD\uff09\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5f3a\u5173\u8054\u4f4d\u70b9\u5468\u56f4\u7684SNP\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6b21\u5f80\u4e24\u8fb9\u9012\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><strong>\u672c\u671f\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecdR\u5305qqman\u7ed8\u5236\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u548cQQ\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(qqman)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2aGWAS\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e94\u5217<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\uff0csnp\u53f7<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\uff0csnp\u67d3\u8272\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\uff0csnp\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u56db\u5217\uff0cp\u503c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217\uff0cz-\u5f97\u5206<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g1=read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"gwas_results\"<\/span>)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8bfb\u5165GWAS\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g1=gwasResults<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u5217\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">head(g1)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u67e5\u770b\u6848\u5217\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">as.data.frame(table(gwasResults$CHR))<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u5206\u5e03\u7684snp\u6570\u76ee<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(gwasResults)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u753b\u51fa\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9898\u76ee\uff1amain=\u201c\u9898\u76ee\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##y\u5468\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0cylim=c(0:10)\uff0c\u8868\u793ay\u5468\u4ece0\u523010<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u70b9\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0ccex=0.6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u70b9\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u7f29\u5c0f60%\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##x\u5468\u6570\u5b57\uff0ccex.axis = 0.9\uff0cx\u8f74\u7f29\u5c0f90%<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u989c\u8272\uff0ccol\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u989c\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u5efa\u8bae\u7ebf\uff0csuggestiveline, genomewideline<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(gwasResults, main = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Manhattan Plot\"<\/span>, ylim = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">10<\/span>), cex = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.6<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">cex.axis = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.9<\/span>, col = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"blue4\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"orange3\"<\/span>), suggestiveline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>, genomewideline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">chrlabs = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>:<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">20<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"P\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Q\"<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u9608\u503c\u7ebf abline(h=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">6.98<\/span>,col=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'red'<\/span>) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#h=-log(0.05\/snp)<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u53ea\u82b1\u4e00\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(subset(gwasResults, CHR == <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u3010\u5b9e\u4f8b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3011<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">setwd(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'E:\\\u6570\u636e\\dsshh-bw-pk'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g2=read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"dsshhbw-pk.assoc.txt\"<\/span>,header = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\">TRUE<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'qqman'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(qqman)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq1=qq(g2$p_wald,cex = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.8<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">gwasResults<-cbind(g2[,<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">12<\/span>)])<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">colnames(gwasResults) <- <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"SNP\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"CHR\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"BP\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"P\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(gwasResults, main = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Manhattan Plot\"<\/span>, ylim = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">10<\/span>), cex = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.6<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">cex.axis = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.9<\/span>, col = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"blue4\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"orange3\"<\/span>), suggestiveline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>, genomewideline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">chrlabs = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>:<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">27<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"P\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Q\"<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">abline(h=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">6.98<\/span>,col=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'red'<\/span>)<\/span><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\">\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(251, 152, 144);\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-ratio=\"0.4398148148148148\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_GyRicp9SwtCzvT7vNOuCzGuFnsficw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVOrXHO9nelVG8VMAQ07OIk84bX95Qm6dCozFg10j7lZiab96jGyRicp9SwtCzvT7vNOuCzGuFnsficw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"gif\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"width: 349px;height: 154px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(251, 152, 144);\">\n<p><strong>QQ\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fQQ\u56fe\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;\">QQ\u56fe\uff0c\u5168\u79f0quantile-quantile plot\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u6a21\u578b\u5047\u9633\u6027\u3001\u5047\u9634\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u7528QQ\u56fe\u6765\u8868\u793aGWAS\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cP\u503c\u8fbe\u5230\u663e\u8457\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684SNP\u5206\u578b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8868\u578b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6709\u663e\u8457\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">\u5728GWAS\u5206\u6790\u91cc\u9762\uff0cQQ-plot\u6240\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7684\u7eb5\u8f74\u662fSNP\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684p-value\u503c\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0cobserved\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u4e00\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4e3a -log10(p-value)\uff1b\u6a2a\u8f74\u662f\u5219\u662f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6982\u7387\u503c\uff08\u8fd9\u662fExpecte\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u6362\u7b97\u4e3a-log10\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##qq\u56fe\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u770bp\u503c\u62df\u5408\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6p\u503c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq1=qq(g1$P)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#\u63d0\u53d6p\u503c\uff0c\u753b\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">head(g1)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq2=qq(g1[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>])<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u63d0\u53d6p\u503c\uff0c\u753b\u56fe\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u5b9e\u4f8b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">setwd(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'F:\\\u684c\u9762\\dsshh-bw-k'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g1=read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"dsshhbw.assoc.txt\"<\/span>,header = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\">TRUE<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'qqman'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(qqman)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq1=qq(g1$p_wald)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-ratio=\"1.0045045045045045\" 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center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;align-self: center;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\">\n<p>E<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\">\n<p>N<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\">\n<p>D<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);height: 1px;\"><svg 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{"id":59088,"date":"2024-06-17T07:36:12","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T23:36:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=59088"},"modified":"2024-06-17T07:36:12","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T23:36:12","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e6%ad%a5%e6%ad%a5%e6%95%99%e4%bd%a0%e7%bb%98%e5%88%b6gwas%e5%88%86%e6%9e%90%e4%b8%adpca%e5%9b%be%ef%bc%8c%e6%9b%bc%e5%93%88%e9%a1%bf%e5%9b%be%ef%bc%8cqq%e5%9b%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=59088","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u6559\u4f60\u7ed8\u5236GWAS\u5206\u6790\u4e2dPCA\u56fe\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\uff0cQQ\u56fe"},"content":{"rendered":"

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flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);box-shadow: rgb(249, 172, 172) 0px 0px 5px 3px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;transform: translate3d(2px, 0px, 0px);margin-top: -14px;margin-bottom: -14px;\">\n<p>{ \u70b9\u51fb\u84dd\u5b57\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u6211\u4eec }<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 2em;\">GWAS\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790case\/control\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u5bfb\u627e\u4e0e\u75be\u75c5\u5173\u8054\u7684SNP\u4f4d\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u800ccase\u548ccontrol\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5173\u8054\u5206\u6790\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 2em;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">Population stratification\uff0c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662fcase\/control\u7ec4\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u738b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7956\u5148\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u5206\u578b\u7ed3\u679c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u3002GWAS\u5206\u6790\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u7531\u4e8e\u75be\u75c5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bef\u5dee\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u6b63\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u6821\u6b63\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373PCA\uff0c\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff08Principal Components Analysis, PCA\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u964d\u7ef4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u4e2d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u8c03\u6574\u6837\u672c\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7fa4\u4f53\u5206\u5c42\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4GWAS\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u865a\u5047\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2acase-control\u7814\u7a76<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u4f7f\u7528plink\u7684\u5f97\u5230PCA\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u591a\u5c11\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6210\u5206\u7684\u6570\u503c\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#\u7ed9\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_eigenvectors<-read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'2-data-holstein_pca.eigenvec'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_eigenval<-read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'2-data-holstein_pca.eigenval'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#calculating percentage of eigenvalues<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_eigenval$percentage<-pca_eigenval$V1\/<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">sum<\/span>(pca_eigenval$V1)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#plot<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_value1<-paste(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"PCA1(\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>*<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">round<\/span>(pca_eigenval$percentage[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>],<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>),<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"%)\"<\/span>,sep = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">pca_value2<-paste(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"PCA2(\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>*<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">round<\/span>(pca_eigenval$percentage[<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>],<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>),<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"%)\"<\/span>,sep = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\"># output plot<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">tiff(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"2-plot-PCA.tiff\"<\/span>, width = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1000<\/span>,height=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1000<\/span>,res = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">par(mar=<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">5<\/span>),cex.axis=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>,cex.lab=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>, cex.axis=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>, lwd=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span> ,bty=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"l\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">plot(pca_eigenvectors[,<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>)],pch=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">16<\/span>,col=rainbow(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">100<\/span>),xlab=pca_value1,ylab=pca_value2)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">dev.off()<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-ratio=\"1.0232312565997888\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/1_Q39iaNl4p8zTZe4qXvqehicPGQQvrw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVHoGh0bPTAxnsLNicYHHjwzU5D0ibnsPJkSuIeiaK7UKictxF0WdQ39iaNl4p8zTZe4qXvqehicPGQQvrw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"947\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-ratio=\"1.0222222222222221\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2_iaSmic4Ap54BKia8ziagCibHiagbEA.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVOrXHO9nelVG8VMAQ07OIkic6TzIKLBcspwQM8prIq5ib7Bjt83HZ3iaSmic4Ap54BKia8ziagCibHiagbEA\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"gif\" data-w=\"720\" style=\"width: 205px;height: 210px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">GWAS\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2aSNP\u7684P\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caSNP\u7684\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u548c\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4f5c\u56fe\u3002\u56fe\u597d\u505a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u770b\uff1f\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u8bfb\uff1f\u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9\u7ed9\u5c0f\u4f19\u4f34\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(251, 152, 144);\">\n<p><strong>\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">Manhattan plot\uff08\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\uff09\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u628aGWAS\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u540e\u6240\u6709SNP\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684p-value\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e0a\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u753b\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8868\u8fbe\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4f1a\u5c06p-value\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a-log10\uff08p-value\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u57fa\u56e0\u4f4d\u70b9-log10\uff08p-value\uff09\u5728Y\u8f74\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5c31\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u4e0e\u8868\u578b\u6027\u72b6\u6216\u8005\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u5173\u8054\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5173\u8054\u5ea6\u8d8a\u5f3a\uff08\u5373p-value\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff09\u5c31\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fde\u9501\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\uff08LD\uff09\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u5f3a\u5173\u8054\u4f4d\u70b9\u5468\u56f4\u7684SNP\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6b21\u5f80\u4e24\u8fb9\u9012\u51cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><strong>\u672c\u671f\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecdR\u5305qqman\u7ed8\u5236\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u548cQQ\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(qqman)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8f93\u5165\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u51c6\u5907\u4e00\u4e2aGWAS\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e94\u5217<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\uff0csnp\u53f7<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\uff0csnp\u67d3\u8272\u4f53<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\uff0csnp\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u56db\u5217\uff0cp\u503c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u7b2c\u4e94\u5217\uff0cz-\u5f97\u5206<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g1=read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"gwas_results\"<\/span>)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8bfb\u5165GWAS\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g1=gwasResults<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u5217\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">head(g1)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u67e5\u770b\u6848\u5217\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">as.data.frame(table(gwasResults$CHR))<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u5206\u5e03\u7684snp\u6570\u76ee<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(gwasResults)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u753b\u51fa\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9898\u76ee\uff1amain=\u201c\u9898\u76ee\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##y\u5468\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0cylim=c(0:10)\uff0c\u8868\u793ay\u5468\u4ece0\u523010<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u70b9\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff0ccex=0.6\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u70b9\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u7f29\u5c0f60%\uff0c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##x\u5468\u6570\u5b57\uff0ccex.axis = 0.9\uff0cx\u8f74\u7f29\u5c0f90%<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u989c\u8272\uff0ccol\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u989c\u8272<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u5efa\u8bae\u7ebf\uff0csuggestiveline, genomewideline<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(gwasResults, main = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Manhattan Plot\"<\/span>, ylim = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">10<\/span>), cex = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.6<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">cex.axis = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.9<\/span>, col = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"blue4\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"orange3\"<\/span>), suggestiveline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>, genomewideline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">chrlabs = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>:<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">20<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"P\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Q\"<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u9608\u503c\u7ebf abline(h=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">6.98<\/span>,col=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'red'<\/span>) <span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#h=-log(0.05\/snp)<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u53ea\u82b1\u4e00\u6761\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(subset(gwasResults, CHR == <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">\u3010\u5b9e\u4f8b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3011<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">setwd(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'E:\\\u6570\u636e\\dsshh-bw-pk'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g2=read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"dsshhbw-pk.assoc.txt\"<\/span>,header = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\">TRUE<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'qqman'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(qqman)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq1=qq(g2$p_wald,cex = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.8<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">gwasResults<-cbind(g2[,<span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">2<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">3<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">12<\/span>)])<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">colnames(gwasResults) <- <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"SNP\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"CHR\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"BP\"<\/span>,<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"P\"<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">manhattan(gwasResults, main = <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Manhattan Plot\"<\/span>, ylim = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">10<\/span>), cex = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.6<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">cex.axis = <span class=\"code-snippet__number\">0.9<\/span>, col = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"blue4\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"orange3\"<\/span>), suggestiveline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>, genomewideline = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">F<\/span>,<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">chrlabs = <span class=\"code-snippet__built_in\">c<\/span>(<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">1<\/span>:<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">27<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"P\"<\/span>, <span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"Q\"<\/span>))<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">abline(h=<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">6.98<\/span>,col=<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'red'<\/span>)<\/span><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\">\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(251, 152, 144);\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-ratio=\"0.4398148148148148\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/3_GyRicp9SwtCzvT7vNOuCzGuFnsficw.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVOrXHO9nelVG8VMAQ07OIk84bX95Qm6dCozFg10j7lZiab96jGyRicp9SwtCzvT7vNOuCzGuFnsficw\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"gif\" data-w=\"1080\" style=\"width: 349px;height: 154px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;text-align: center;\">\n<section style=\"padding: 3px;display: inline-block;border-bottom-width: 5px;border-bottom-style: solid;border-bottom-color: rgb(251, 152, 144);\">\n<p><strong>QQ\u56fe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fQQ\u56fe\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;text-indent: 0em;white-space: normal;\">QQ\u56fe\uff0c\u5168\u79f0quantile-quantile plot\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u6a21\u578b\u5047\u9633\u6027\u3001\u5047\u9634\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u7528QQ\u56fe\u6765\u8868\u793aGWAS\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5462\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;caret-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: normal;white-space: normal;\">\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0cP\u503c\u8fbe\u5230\u663e\u8457\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684SNP\u5206\u578b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8868\u578b\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6709\u663e\u8457\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">\u5728GWAS\u5206\u6790\u91cc\u9762\uff0cQQ-plot\u6240\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4e0a\u9762\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u7684\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u7684\u7eb5\u8f74\u662fSNP\u4f4d\u70b9\u7684p-value\u503c\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0cobserved\uff09\uff0c\u4e0e\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u4e00\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u8868\u793a\u4e3a -log10(p-value)\uff1b\u6a2a\u8f74\u662f\u5219\u662f\u5747\u5300\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6982\u7387\u503c\uff08\u8fd9\u662fExpecte\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u6362\u7b97\u4e3a-log10\u3002<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\"><span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##qq\u56fe\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u770bp\u503c\u62df\u5408\u66f2\u7ebf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6p\u503c<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq1=qq(g1$P)<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">#\u63d0\u53d6p\u503c\uff0c\u753b\u56fe<\/span><\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">head(g1)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq2=qq(g1[,<span class=\"code-snippet__number\">4<\/span>])<span class=\"code-snippet__comment\">##\u63d0\u53d6p\u503c\uff0c\u753b\u56fe\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"color: rgb(239, 135, 135);\">\n<p><strong>\u3010\u5b9e\u4f8b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3011<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"code-snippet__fix code-snippet__js\">\n<ul class=\"code-snippet__line-index code-snippet__js\">\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"code-snippet__js\" data-lang=\"r\"><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">setwd(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'F:\\\u684c\u9762\\dsshh-bw-k'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">g1=read.table(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">\"dsshhbw.assoc.txt\"<\/span>,header = <span class=\"code-snippet__literal\">TRUE<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">install.packages(<span class=\"code-snippet__string\">'qqman'<\/span>)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">library(qqman)<\/span><\/code><code><span class=\"code-snippet_outer\">qq1=qq(g1$p_wald)<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;\">\n<section style=\"vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;line-height: 0;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-ratio=\"1.0045045045045045\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/4_yDUSTFFDZMzkkWwztNOBbvlCuAoxTw.jpg?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_jpg\/oCSOtP61aEVHoGh0bPTAxnsLNicYHHjwzW6HxNGsG3C407xViccwWcf8SryDUSTFFDZMzkkWwztNOBbvlCuAoxTw\/640?wx_fmt=jpeg'\" data-type=\"jpeg\" data-w=\"444\" style=\"vertical-align: middle;width: 0px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-ratio=\"1.0041666666666667\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/5_DRSwrfkXDKcpK466tca31Ruqtayb9g.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEVOrXHO9nelVG8VMAQ07OIkt4OoWXiaAc9BqMLSQh7AU8calDRSwrfkXDKcpK466tca31Ruqtayb9g\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"gif\" data-w=\"720\" style=\"width: 246px;height: 247px;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><span style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">\u672c\u671f\u7ed9\u5927\u5bb6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u5c55\u793aGWAS\u7ed3\u679c\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\u548cQQ\u56fe\u7684R\u5305qqman\uff0cqqman\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b9c\u4e0a\u624b\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5927\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\"><br \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent: 0em;\">\u5982\u679c\u559c\u6b22\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u7ec4\u5b66\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u641c\u7d22\u5e76\u5173\u6ce8\u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9\u7684\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\uff08R\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5f92\uff09\u548c\u4e91\u751f\u4fe1\u751f\u7269\u4fe1\u606f\u5b66\u5e73\u53f0\uff08 http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/home.html\uff09<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row nowrap;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;align-self: center;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\">\n<p>E<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\">\n<p>N<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;min-width: 5%;height: auto;border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);padding-right: 8px;padding-left: 8px;margin-right: 10px;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"text-align: justify;color: rgb(249, 172, 172);\">\n<p>D<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section style=\"display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;align-self: center;flex: 100 100 0%;height: auto;\">\n<section powered-by=\"xiumi.us\" style=\"margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;\">\n<section style=\"background-color: rgb(249, 172, 172);height: 1px;\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 1 1\" style=\"float:left;line-height:0;width:0;vertical-align:top;\"><\/svg><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;margin-bottom: 24px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"rich_pages wxw-img\" data-galleryid=\"\" data-ratio=\"0.5555555555555556\" data-s=\"300,640\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/6_akXKU5NcO1KwuWc1Rk7ZJ56LC2pYrQ-8.png?w=640\" onerror=\"this.src='https:\/\/mmbiz.qpic.cn\/sz_mmbiz_png\/oCSOtP61aEXjjmsEC5aXz0RE4be2ib1fJPnBD8yX0Z6OF2zocd2ngHpLOakXKU5NcO1KwuWc1Rk7ZJ56LC2pYrQ\/640?wx_fmt=png'\" data-type=\"png\" data-w=\"900\" style=\"\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"display: none;margin-bottom: 24px;\"><mp-style-type data-value=\"3\"><\/mp-style-type><\/p>\n<p><\/content>\n<\/div>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u6559\u4f60\u7ed8\u5236GWAS\u5206\u6790\u4e2dPCA\u56fe\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u56fe\uff0cQQ\u56fe \u5c0f\u5e08\u59b9 \u751f\u4fe1\u679c &nb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59088"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=59088"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59088\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":59095,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59088\/revisions\/59095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=59088"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=59088"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=59088"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}