{"id":69152,"date":"2026-11-14T21:11:14","date_gmt":"2026-11-14T13:11:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/?p=69152"},"modified":"2026-11-14T21:11:14","modified_gmt":"2026-11-14T13:11:14","slug":"tangram-held-out-gene-mapping-rows-spatial-validation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/tangram-held-out-gene-mapping-rows-spatial-validation\/","title":{"rendered":"Tangram \u628a\u7ec6\u80de\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e86\u54ea\u91cc\uff1f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u53c2\u52a0\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u68c0\u9a8c\u7a7a\u95f4\u56fe"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"ysx-method-guide\" style=\"max-width:820px;min-width:0;margin:0 auto;color:#26374a;line-height:1.86;overflow-wrap:anywhere\">\n<p>\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e73\u53f0\u53ea\u6d4b\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u53c2\u8003\u5374\u6d4b\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u628a\u53c2\u8003\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u518d\u753b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u539f\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u5f20\u6709\u7eb9\u7406\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u56fe\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u56fe\u4e0a\u7684\u660e\u6697\u6765\u81ea\u6a21\u578b\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u672a\u6d4b\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u52a8\u624b\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\uff0c\u4ece\u4e24\u79cd\u5e73\u53f0\u90fd\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4e2d\u5148\u6263\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u518d\u95ee\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u5426\u63a8\u56de\u5b83\u5728\u5207\u7247\u4e0a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u53cd\u8f6c\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u5c0f\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u600e\u6837\u533a\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u62df\u5408\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u503c\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size:1.38em;line-height:1.5;margin:1.55em 0 .55em;color:#182d43\">\u5148\u8bfb\u61c2\u7ec6\u80de\u4e58\u70b9\u4f4d\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u77e9\u9635<\/h2>\n<p>Tangram \u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u7ea7\u6a21\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u4e58\u7a7a\u95f4\u70b9\u4f4d\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e00\u679a\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de\u3001\u6cbf\u7740\u4e00\u884c\u8bfb\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u8fd9\u679a\u7ec6\u80de\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u6cbf\u4e00\u5217\u8bfb\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5728\u770b\u591a\u5c11\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u805a\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002\u524d\u8005\u901a\u5e38\u6309\u884c\u5f52\u4e00\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u7531\u6070\u597d\u7b49\u4e8e\u4e00\u3002\u628a\u77e9\u9635\u8f6c\u7f6e\u540e\u9010\u884c\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de\u6700\u504f\u5411\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u5bfb\u627e\u81ea\u5df1\u6700\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u8981\u6cbf\u7740\u539f\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u6761\u8f74\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed3\u679c\u524d\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u6761\u5f62\u7801\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u6761\u5f62\u7801\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u81ea\u5df1\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e00\u4fa7\u3002<a style=\"color:#455c9c;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/broadinstitute\/Tangram\">Tangram \u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u6620\u5c04\u77e9\u9635\u4e0e\u57fa\u56e0\u6295\u5f71\u7684\u8bf4\u660e<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u8bbe\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u7532\u5bf9\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5206\u914d\u4e3a\u516d\u6210\u3001\u4e09\u6210\u548c\u4e00\u6210\uff0c\u4e59\u4e3a\u4e00\u6210\u3001\u4e24\u6210\u548c\u4e03\u6210\u3002\u7532\u7684\u67d0\u672a\u6d4b\u57fa\u56e0\u8868\u8fbe\u91cf\u4e3a\u5341\uff0c\u4e59\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002\u6295\u5f71\u540e\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ece\u7532\u5f97\u5230\u516d\u3001\u4e09\u3001\u4e00\u7684\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4ece\u4e59\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u96f6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e59\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5341\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u603b\u8d21\u732e\u5c31\u5e94\u662f\u4e03\u3001\u4e94\u3001\u516b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b21\u5e8f\u6070\u4e0e\u5404\u5217\u6536\u5230\u7684\u603b\u6743\u91cd\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5373\u4fbf\u6240\u6709\u7ec6\u80de\u7b49\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6295\u5f71\u603b\u91cf\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u63a5\u6536\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u6743\u91cd\u800c\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002\u8ba8\u8bba\u201c\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u80de\u8868\u8fbe\u66f4\u5f3a\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u603b\u8d21\u732e\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u7ec6\u80de\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u7ec4\u6210\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\"guide-table\" style=\"max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto;margin:18px 0\">\n<table style=\"display:table;width:100%;max-width:100%;min-width:0;table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.92em;line-height:1.6\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\" style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;background:#f2f4fe;color:#1e293b;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;padding:6px;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u67e5\u54ea\u4e00\u9879<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\" style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;background:#f2f4fe;color:#1e293b;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;padding:6px;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u56fa\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\" style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;background:#f2f4fe;color:#1e293b;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;padding:6px;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u56de\u7b54<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u6620\u5c04\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u540c\u4e00\u679a\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u6743\u91cd\u5728\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u6563<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u6620\u5c04\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u4e00\u5217<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u6d4b\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u54ea\u4e9b\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u6295\u5f71\u8868\u8fbe\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5b9e\u6d4b\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u4e00\u4e2a\u660e\u786e\u4ece\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u7559\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u56e0<\/td>\n<td style=\"white-space:normal;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:normal;padding:6px;vertical-align:top;border:1px solid #c4cfdb\">\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u5e03\u80fd\u5426\u63a8\u56de\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8868\u8fbe\u5c3a\u5ea6\u53e6\u67e5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"guide-figure\" style=\"margin:24px 0 28px\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.biocloudservice.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/tangram-held-out-gene-mapping-rows-spatial-validation-guide.png?resize=1200%2C840&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\u6ca1\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u63a8\u5f97\u51c6\u5417\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff5c\u4fdd\u7559\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53cd\u8f6c\u7559\u51fa\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u9a8c\u6536\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u6309\u884c\uff0c\u770b\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e00\u679a\u53c2\u8003\u7ec6\u80de\uff0c\u6cbf\u7a7a\u95f4\u70b9\u4f4d\u8bfb\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u6309\u5217\uff0c\u770b\u6c47\u805a\uff0c\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u4f4d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u54ea\u4e9b\u7ec6\u80de\u8d21\u732e\u8f83\u591a\u3002\u7559\u51fa\uff0c\u770b\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5148\u6263\u4e0b\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u518d\u5c06\u5b9e\u6d4b\u4e0e\u6295\u5f71\u5bf9\u7167\u3002\" width=\"1200\" height=\"840\" style=\"display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:10px\"><figcaption style=\"font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;margin:9px 2px 0;color:#475569\">\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff5c\u4fdd\u7559\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u53cd\u8f6c\u7559\u51fa\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u9a8c\u6536\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 style=\"font-size:1.38em;line-height:1.5;margin:1.55em 0 .55em;color:#182d43\">\u600e\u6837\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u771f\u6b63\u7559\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e4b\u5916<\/h2>\n<p>\u5148\u7edf\u4e00\u7269\u79cd\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u7f16\u53f7\u548c\u547d\u540d\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u57fa\u56e0\u540d\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u57fa\u56e0\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u82e5\u53ea\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5f20\u70ed\u56fe\u79fb\u9664\u76ee\u6807\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u65e9\u5df2\u53c2\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u53ef\u628a\u6240\u6709\u62df\u7528\u4e8e\u62df\u5408\u7684\u5171\u540c\u57fa\u56e0\u663e\u5f0f\u5217\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u79fb\u9664\u9a8c\u8bc1\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u518d\u8bfb\u56de\u53cc\u65b9\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u4e0b\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u540d\u5355\u3002\u8fd8\u8981\u6838\u5bf9\u7559\u51fa\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u8868\u8fbe\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e2\u5f97\u4e0d\u5230\u53c2\u8003\u4fa7\u7684\u6295\u5f71\uff0c\u4e5f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4fa7\u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<a style=\"color:#455c9c;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px\" href=\"https:\/\/tangram-sc.readthedocs.io\/en\/latest\/tutorial_sq_link.html\">\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6620\u5c04\u6559\u7a0b\u4e0e\u57fa\u56e0\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/a><\/p>\n<pre style=\"max-width:100%;box-sizing:border-box;overflow-x:auto;margin:18px 0;padding:14px 16px;background:#f3f6fa;color:#1a293c;border:1px solid #d8e1ea;border-radius:8px;line-height:1.55;white-space:pre;overflow-wrap:normal;word-break:normal\"><code class=\"language-python\">import tangram as tg\r\n\r\ntrain = [&quot;a1&quot;, &quot;a2&quot;, &quot;b1&quot;, &quot;b2&quot;]\r\ntg.pp_adatas(single, spatial, genes=train)\r\nassert &quot;held&quot; not in single.uns[&quot;training_genes&quot;]\r\nassert &quot;held&quot; in single.var_names and &quot;held&quot; in spatial.var_names\r\nmapping = tg.map_cells_to_space(single, spatial, mode=&quot;cells&quot;,\r\n                                device=&quot;cpu&quot;, random_state=37,\r\n                                num_epochs=140, density_prior=&quot;uniform&quot;)\r\nprediction = tg.project_genes(mapping, single)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5199\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u81ea\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6362\u6210\u5b9e\u6d4b\u6837\u672c\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u53ea\u6263\u4e0b\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u9884\u6d4b\u3001\u6070\u597d\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u76f8\u5173\u66ff\u8eab\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u591a\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u6807\u8bb0\u5c5e\u4e8e\u51e0\u4e4e\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc1\u660e\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u501f\u52a9\u5171\u8868\u8fbe\u5173\u7cfb\u63a8\u56de\u5b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u80fd\u5426\u5916\u63a8\u3002\u53ef\u6309\u7ec6\u80de\u8c31\u7cfb\u3001\u57fa\u56e0\u4e30\u5ea6\u53ca\u7a7a\u95f4\u7a00\u758f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5206\u522b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7559\u51fa\u96c6\u3002\u518d\u5355\u72ec\u8003\u5bdf\u4e0d\u540c\u5207\u7247\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u4f9b\u4f53\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bd4\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5207\u7247\u4e0a\u53cd\u590d\u66f4\u6362\u968f\u673a\u79cd\u5b50\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u8de8\u6837\u672c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"font-size:1.38em;line-height:1.5;margin:1.55em 0 .55em;color:#182d43\">\u5b9e\u8dd1\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff5c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6ca1\u53d8\uff0c\u7559\u51fa\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5206\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u53cd\u8f6c<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5b89\u88c5 tangram-sc 1.0.4\uff0c\u5728 CPU 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